ISSN 1809-127X (online edition)
© 2011 Check List and Authors
Open Access | Freely available at www.checklist.org.br

Angélica Coelho Rosa’

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* Corresponding author. E-mail: dijmingo23@gmail.com

Tapiche, Peru, respectively).

Currently, the genus Chiasmocleis is composed of 25
species distributed in Panama and tropical South America,
north and east of the Andes (Frost 2011). Twenty species
(80%) occur in Brazil (SBH 2011) but, for many of the
known species, data on geographic distribution and
biology are scarce (Sampaio et al. 2010). Chiasmocleis
avilapiresae (Figure 1A) and C. bassleri (Figure 1B) are
small-sized frogs that inhabit the Amazon Basin, south of
the Amazon River (Peloso and Sturaro 2008; Santana et al.
2009; Barro et al. 2010; Sampaio et al. 2010; Frost 2011).

On December 2009/2010 and February and March
2011 several individuals of C. bassleri and C. avilapiresae
were found vocalizing in a gallery forest on the margins
of Juruena River (9°51'17.3” S, 58°13’14.0” W) or on the
edge of a temporary pond inside a tropical “Terra Firme”
forest. On 14 December 2009 several individuals were
found vocalizing on the soil inside a primary rainforest
near the margins of Juruena River. In this same date and
in December/2010 and March and May/2011 several
individuals were found collected in a pitfall trap located
in the left margins of the Juruena River. These records are
similar to those of Barros et al. (2010), where both species
were found in primary forest or in clearings/pastures
(Peloso and Sturaro 2008). These frogs usually occur near
isolated pools, under leaves or pieces of bark (Barros et
al. 2010). According to Peloso and Sturaro (2008) and
Sampaio et al. (2010), both species are sympatric in
Espigao do Oeste, state of Rond6énia; Itaituba, state of Para;
Aripuana and Cotriguacu (in this study), state of Mato
Grosso, Brazil.

The males call from under wet leaf litter near the
pond’s edge. The calling activity began at sunset, extending
until the middle of the night. Adult males of C. avilapiresae
measured 19.17 +1.7 (mean + standard deviation) mm
snout-vent length (18.21-20.14; n = 2), and females

Check List | Volume 7 | Issue 6 | 2011

Amphibia, Anura, Microhylidae, Chiasmocleis avilapiresae
Peloso and Sturaro, 2008 and Chiasmocleis bassleri Dunn,
1949: New Distribution records

Domingos de Jesus Rodrigues **", Janaina da Costa de Noronha”, Marcelo de Morais Lima* and

1 Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso, Instituto de Ciéncias Naturais Humanas e Sociais, Nucleo de Estudo da Biodiversidade da Amazénia
Matogrossense. Avenida Alexandre Ferronato, 1200, Setor Industrial. CEP 78557-267. Sinop, MT, Brazil.

2 Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso, Instituto de Biociéncias, Mestrado em Ecologia e Conservacao da Biodiversidade. Avenida Fernando Corréa
da Costa, s/n, Coxip6. CEP 78060-900. Cuiaba, MT, Brazil.

3 Instituto Nacional de Ciéncias e Tecnologia de Estudos Integrados da Biodiversidade Amazénica - INCT-CENBAM/CNPq/MCT. Avenida André

4 Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazénia (INPA). CPEc. Avenida André Araujo 2936. CEP 69011-970. Manaus AM, Brazil.

ABSTRACT: This note reports the presence of Chiasmocleis bassleeri and C. avilapiresae in the north of Mato Grosso state.
It extends the distribution of C. avilapiresae and C. bassleri 140 km from the nearest known locality (Aripuana, MT, Brazil)
and 1170 and 1350 km from the type-locality (Floresta Nacional de Caxiuana, state of Para, Brazil and Rio Utoquinia to Rio

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FIGURE 1. Chiasmocleis avilapiresae (A) and C. bassleri (B) from Sao
Nicolau farm, municipality of Cotriguacu in the state of Mato Grosso,
Brazil. The lateral region of C. bassleri is well defined and demarcated (B)
while in C. avilapiresae it is irregular (A). Photos by D.J. Rodrigues (A) and
R.A. Kawashita Ribeiro (B).

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Rodrigues et al. | New Distribution records of Chiasmocleis avilapiresae and Chiasmocleis bassleri

measured 27.35 +4.0mm (21.72—-33.57; n = 10). Adult
males of Chiasmocleis bassleri measured 17.93 +2.17mm
(14.84-20.11; n = 7) and females measured 23.50+
1.35mm (21.25-25.54; n = 8).

Voucher specimens reported in this note are housed
in the herpetological section of the Biologic Collection of
Meridional Amazon (ABAM - H), of the Federal University
of Mato Grosso (UFMT), campus Sinop-MT, Brazil (C.
avilapiresae ABAM - H 139, 140, 245, 246, 250, 263, 340,
353, 491 - 493; C. bassleri ABAM - H 127, 222, 223, 232,
244, 247, 262, 268-271, 276, 420, 494, 524, 538; collection
permits #10174-1, Sistema de Autorizacao e Informacao
em Biodiversidade, SISBIO; Instituto Brasileiro do Meio
Ambiente e dos Recursos Naturais Renovaveis, IBAMA).
They were euthanized with barbiturates according to
Guidelines for use of live amphibians and reptiles in field
and laboratory research normalized by American Society
of Ichthyologist and Herpetologist. Tissue samples of these
voucher specimens are deposited in the ABAM.

This new record extends the distribution of C.
avilapiresae to the south of the Brazilian Amazon,
approximately 1170 km (Figure 2) from the type-locality
(Floresta Nacional de Caxiuana, municipality of Portel,
state of Para, Brazil 01°59’ S, 51°39’ W) and 140 km
from the nearest known locality (Aripuana, MT, Brazil;
09°10’45” S, 60°37°50”W). It extends the distribution of
the C. bassleri to 140 km from the nearest known locality
(Aripuana, MT, Brazil; 10°10’ S, 59°28’ W; Figure 2) and
more than 1350 km from the type-locality (Rio Utoquinia
to Rio Tapiche, Peru, approximate locality due to the
absence of geographic data in the species description).

FIGURE 2. Known distribution of Chiasmocleis avilapiresae (black square)
and C. bassleri (black circle) in Amazonia and in the Sao Nicolau Farm,
Municipality of Cotriguacu (09°51'17.3” S; 58°13'14.0” W), Mato Grosso,
Brazil (Red triangle for both species found in Cotriguacu). Type-locality of
C. avilapiresae (blue square) Floresta Nacional de Caxiuana, municipality
of Portel, Para, Brazil (01°59’ S, 51°39’ W) and C. bassleri (blue circle) Rio
Utoquinia to Rio Tapiche, Peru, near Brazil (10°04’ S; 70°58’ W).

Chiasmocleis avilapiresae can be confused with C.
bassleri, but differs from it by its larger size and extensive
foot webbing in males. Dunn (1949), in the description
of C. bassleri, mentioned free toes and the abdomen with
five large dark spots (for more information see Peloso and

Check List | Volume 7 | Issue 6 | 2011

Sturaro 2008 and Sampaio etal. 2010). The lateral region of
C. bassleri is well defined and demarcated (Figure 1B), but
itis irregular in C. avilapiresae (Figure 1A). A dark inguinal
spot absent in C. avilapiresae (Figure 3A) is present in
C. bassleri (Figure 3B). The cloacal region and posterior
surface of the thigh is dark brown with a transverse white
line on each side in C. avilapiresae (Figure 3A) and absent
in C. bassleri (Figure 3B).

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FIGURE 3. External morphological differences between Chiasmocleis
avilapiresae and C. bassleri. A dark inguinal spot absent in C. avilapiresae
(Figure 3A) and present in C. bassleri (Figure 3B). Cloacal region and
posterior surface of thigh dark brown with a transverse white line on
each side in C. avilapiresae (Figure 3A) and absent in C. bassleri (Figure
3B). Photos by R.A. Kawashita Ribeiro.

Chiasmocleis avilapiresae and C. bassleri are currently
classified as Least Concern by the 2010 IUCN Red List of
Threatened Species (Peloso 2009; Icochea et al. 2004,
respectively). Unfortunately, some localities where the
species were recorded (e.g. municipality of Aripuana and
Cotriguacu) have been suffered significant habitat changes
and fragmentation. Monitoring the population of these
two species and conducting inventories in other parts of
the Amazon is necessary due to constant environmental
changes occurring in the region, as deforestation
(Rodrigues et al., 2011a, b).

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Rodrigues et al. | New Distribution records of Chiasmocleis avilapiresae and Chiasmocleis bassleri

ACKNOWLEDGMENTS: We are grateful to Roberto Stofel and Alexandre do
Nascimento Farias for field assistance; to Anne D’Hersel-Baldisseri for
English review; to an anonymous reviewer for valuable comments and
suggestions on the manuscript; to Sao Nicolau farm for logistic support,
and to the Oficio Nacional das Florestas - ONF-Brazil for financial support
and permission to access the study area. Domingos de Jesus Rodrigues
thanks CNPq for the Bolsa de produtividade em Pesquisa (Proccess n.
501408/2009-6) and financial support (Proccess N. 558225/2009-8)
and Janaina da Costa de Noronha thanks CAPES (fellowship). Instituto
Brasileiro do Meio Ambiente e dos Recursos Naturais Renovaveis
(IBAMA) provided collection permits. This is publication 13 in the
NEBAM technical series.

LITERATURE CITED

Barro, EB., P.L.V. Peloso, L. Vicente, H.M. Pereira and M.J. Sturaro. 2010.
The advertisement call of the Narrow-mouthed frog Chiasmocleis
avilapiresae Peloso & Sturaro, 2008 (Amphibia, Anura, Microhylidae).
Zootaxa 2657: 66-68.

Dunn, E.R. 1949. Notes on South American frogs of the family
Microhylidae. American Museum Novitates 1419: 1-21.

Frost, D.R. 2011. Amphibian Species of the World: An online reference.
Version 5.3. Electronic Database accessible at http://research.amnh.
org/herpetology/amphibia/index.html. Captured on 20 June 2011.

Icochea, J., C. Azevedo-Ramos, L.A. Coloma and, R. Santiago. 2004.
Chiasmocleis bassleri. Inj\UCN 2010. IUCN Red List of Threatened
Species. Version 2010.4. Electronic Database accessible at www.
iucnredlist.org. Captured on 16 May 2011.

Check List | Volume 7 | Issue 6 | 2011

Peloso, P. 2009. Chiasmocleis avilapiresae. In \UCN 2010. IUCN Red List of
Threatened Species. Version 2010.4. Electronic Database accessible at
www.iucnredlist.org. Captured on 16 May 2011.

Peloso, P.L.V. and M. J. Sturaro. 2008. a new species of narrow-mouthed
frog of the genus Chiasmocleis méhely, 1904 (anura, microhylidae)
from the amazonian rainforest of Brazil. Zootaxa, 1947:39-52.

Rodrigues, D.J., Lima, M.C. and A. Kawashita-Ribeiro. 2011a. Amphibia,
Anura, Hylidae, Cruziohyla craspedopus (Funkhouser, 1957):
Distribution extension, new state record and distribution map in
Brazil. Check List 7(2): 149-150.

Rodrigues, D.J., J.C. Noronha, M.C. Lima and A.C. Rosa. 2011b. Amphibia,
Anura, Hylidae, Phyllomedusa_ boliviana Boulenger 1902 and
Phyllomedusa camba De la Riva 2000: Distribution extension in
Central Brazil. Check List 7(4): 397-399.

Santana, D.J., A.C. Sant’Anna, V.A. Sdo-Pedro and R.N. Feio. 2009. The
advertisement call of Chiasmocleis bassleri (Anura, Microhylidae)
from Southern Amazon, Mato Grosso, Brazil. South American Journal
of Herpetology, 4:225-228.

RECEIVED: October 2011

REVISED: November 2011

ACCEPTED: November 2011

PUBLISHED ONLINE: December 2011

EDITORIAL RESPONSIBILITY: Fernanda P. Werneck

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